THE CRUNCH
Three US nuclear reactors that had been shut down, some for years, are being brought back online to help meet the power demands of AI data centres, adding a combined 2.25 GW to the grid. The plants are the Palisades Nuclear Plant in Michigan, the Crane Clean Energy Center on Three Mile Island in Pennsylvania, and the Duane Arnold Energy Center in Iowa.
Palisades is the furthest along: it was loading fuel in August 2026 and is expected to generate 800 MW around March 2027. It was under active decommissioning, which reportedly makes it the first reactor to be put back to work after dismantling had already begun. Operator Holtec took a loan from the Department of Energy under the Biden administration's 2024 nuclear investment, while the other two projects fall under the Trump administration's 2025 push.
The Crane Clean Energy Center is repurposing Three Mile Island's Unit 1, the reactor that stayed out of trouble during the site's famous 1979 partial meltdown of Unit 2. Constellation Energy has said it would spend $1.6 billion on the project and borrowed $1 billion from the Department of Energy in 2025. Microsoft is set to be the main customer under a 20-year contract, with 835 MW projected to come online sometime in 2027, though the Nuclear Regulatory Commission still has to approve fuel loading after a safety inspection.
The Duane Arnold Energy Center in Iowa, a collaboration between NextEra Energy and Google, is expected to deliver 615 MW in 2029. NextEra chief executive John Ketchum said the cooperation contract with Google means that "none of the costs are being paid by residential customers in Iowa." All three plants were originally shut down because nuclear power was too expensive to run; the economics have shifted now that data centre operators are likely willing to pay a premium for grid connections they cannot otherwise get for years.
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